Design Pattern Introduction

Design patterns are typical solutions to common problems in software design. Each pattern is like a blueprint that you can customize to solve a particular design problem in your code.

Design Patterns Introduction

Design Pattern are well-established solutions to common software design problems that developers encounter while building applications. They are not specific pieces of code but rather general reusable templates that can be adapted to solve specific problems in various contexts. Design Patterns help in designing flexible, scalable, and maintainable software.

Key Benefits of Design Patterns

1. Reusability - Patterns provide proven solutions that can be reused in different projects, reducing the need to reinvent the wheel.
2. Best Practices - They encapsulate best practices and expertise, guiding developers toward effective design choices.
3. Communication - Patterns offer a shared vocabulary among developers, making it easier to communicate design ideas and solutions.
4. Maintainability - By promoting a structured approach to problem-solving, patterns help create systems that are easier to maintain and extend.
5. Scalability - They aid in designing systems that can grow and evolve without significant refactoring.
6. Flexibility - Patterns encourage the design of systems that are adaptable to changes in requirements or technology.

Problems Solved by Design Patterns

1. Duplication of Code - By using patterns like Singleton or Factory, you can avoid repetitive code and centralize logic that might otherwise be scattered.
2. Complexity Management - Patterns like Facade and Mediator simplify complex systems by providing a unified interface or managing communication between components.
3. Decoupling Components - Patterns like Dependency Injection, Adapter, and Strategy help in reducing the dependency between classes, making the system more modular.
4. Flexibility and Extensibility - Patterns such as Decorator and Observer allow extending the functionality of classes dynamically without modifying existing code.
5. Maintainability - By following patterns, developers create a more understandable and consistent codebase, which is easier to maintain and evolve.

Common Types of Design Patterns

Design Patterns are broadly categorized into three types.

1. Creational Patterns - These patterns deal with object creation mechanisms, trying to create objects in a manner suitable for the situation. They help manage the creation process, making it more adaptable and efficient.

   Examples - Singleton, Factory Method, Abstract Factory, Builder, Prototype
   
   

2. Structural Patterns - These patterns deal with the composition of classes or objects. They help in forming large structures by composing objects and classes in a way that results in more flexible and efficient design.

   Examples - Adapter, Bridge, Composite, Decorator, Facade, Flyweight, Proxy
   
   

3. Behavioral Patterns - These patterns deal with communication between objects and how responsibilities are distributed among them. They focus on improving communication and assigning clear responsibilities to objects.

   Examples -Chain of Responsibility, Command, Interpreter, Iterator, Mediator, Memento, Observer, State, Strategy, Template Method, Visitor